In a significant milestone for Italy’s naval capabilities, Orizzonte Sistemi Navali (OSN), a joint venture between Fincantieri and Leonardo, has delivered the tenth Bergamini-class FREMM (Fregata Europea Multi-Missione) frigate, Emilio Bianchi (F 589), to the Italian Navy. The handover ceremony, held on 31 July 2025 at Fincantieri’s shipyard in La Spezia, marks a pivotal moment in the Italian Navy’s ongoing modernization efforts. This delivery not only strengthens Italy’s maritime defense but also underscores the technological advancements and strategic importance of the FREMM program. The Emilio Bianchi is the second vessel in the series to feature the innovative hybrid general-purpose (GP)/anti-submarine warfare (ASW) configuration, known as the ‘ASW Enhanced’ variant, following the delivery of Spartaco Schergat (F 598) in April 2025.
This article delves into the details of the Emilio Bianchi delivery, the evolution of the FREMM program, its strategic implications, and the future of Italy’s naval fleet with the upcoming FREMM Evo frigates.
The FREMM Program: A Cornerstone of Italian Naval Modernization
Launched in 2005, the FREMM program represents a collaborative effort between Italy and France to design and build a new generation of multimission frigates capable of addressing diverse operational requirements. For Italy, the program has been a cornerstone of its naval modernization strategy, aiming to replace older vessels with advanced, versatile warships. The Italian Navy has ordered a total of 12 FREMM frigates, with the first 10 already delivered by 2025. These ships are designed to excel in multiple roles, including anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-surface warfare, and general-purpose missions, making them a critical asset in Italy’s maritime defense strategy.
The first eight frigates delivered between 2013 and 2023 were configured in two variants: four in the general-purpose (GP)/anti-surface warfare configuration and four optimized for anti-submarine warfare (ASW). The delivery of Spartaco Schergat and Emilio Bianchi introduced a new hybrid configuration, the ‘ASW Enhanced’ variant, which combines the strengths of both GP and ASW capabilities. This hybrid design enhances the frigates’ versatility, enabling them to tackle a broader range of threats, from submarines to surface vessels, while maintaining operational flexibility.
The Emilio Bianchi and Spartaco Schergat were procured to replace two GP-configured FREMM frigates sold to Egypt, ensuring that the Italian Navy maintains its planned fleet strength. The delivery of these two ships completes the initial phase of the FREMM program, with all 10 frigates now in service.
The Emilio Bianchi: A Technological Marvel
The Emilio Bianchi (F 589) is a state-of-the-art warship that embodies the technological advancements of the FREMM program. Built by Fincantieri at its La Spezia shipyard, the frigate is equipped with cutting-edge systems designed to enhance its operational effectiveness. The ‘ASW Enhanced’ configuration integrates advanced sonar systems, missile launchers, and radar technologies, making it a formidable platform for both offensive and defensive operations.
Key features of the Emilio Bianchi include:
- Hybrid Propulsion System: The frigate employs a combined diesel-electric and gas (CODLAG) propulsion system, providing high efficiency and flexibility for various mission profiles. This system allows the ship to operate quietly during ASW missions, reducing its acoustic signature to evade detection by enemy submarines.
- Advanced Sensor Suite: The Emilio Bianchi is equipped with a multifunction radar and advanced sonar systems, enabling it to detect and track submarines, surface vessels, and aerial threats with high precision.
- Weapon Systems: The frigate is armed with a mix of anti-ship missiles, surface-to-air missiles, torpedoes, and a 127mm main gun, ensuring it can engage a wide range of targets effectively.
- Modular Design: The FREMM platform’s modular design allows for easy upgrades and integration of new technologies, ensuring the frigate remains relevant in the face of evolving threats.
The delivery ceremony on 31 July 2025 was attended by senior officials from the Italian Navy, Fincantieri, Leonardo, and OSN, highlighting the collaborative effort behind the FREMM program. The event marked not only the handover of the Emilio Bianchi but also the culmination of years of engineering excellence and innovation.
Strategic Implications of the Delivery
The delivery of the Emilio Bianchi strengthens the Italian Navy’s operational capabilities at a time when maritime security is increasingly critical. The Mediterranean Sea, where Italy plays a pivotal role, faces a range of challenges, including piracy, illegal migration, and potential conflicts involving regional powers. The FREMM frigates, with their advanced sensors and weaponry, provide Italy with the tools to assert its presence and protect its interests in this strategically important region.
The ‘ASW Enhanced’ configuration of the Emilio Bianchi is particularly significant in addressing the growing threat of submarines. As nations around the world invest in advanced submarine technologies, the ability to detect and neutralize these threats is paramount. The hybrid design of the Emilio Bianchi ensures it can perform ASW missions while retaining the flexibility to engage surface targets, making it a versatile asset for NATO operations and joint missions with allied navies.
Moreover, the delivery of the tenth frigate reinforces Italy’s position as a leader in naval shipbuilding. Fincantieri, a global leader in the industry, has demonstrated its ability to deliver complex warships on time and within budget, further solidifying its reputation. The partnership between Fincantieri and Leonardo through OSN has been instrumental in the success of the FREMM program, showcasing Italy’s industrial and technological prowess.
The Future: FREMM Evo and Beyond
Looking ahead, the Italian Navy is poised to further enhance its fleet with the introduction of two next-generation FREMM Evo (Evolution)-class frigates. Construction of the first FREMM Evo frigate began on 3 April 2025 at Fincantieri’s shipyard in Riva Trigoso, Genoa, with delivery expected in 2029. The second ship is slated for delivery in 2030. These frigates will incorporate lessons learned from the earlier FREMM vessels, featuring upgraded systems and improved capabilities to address future threats.
The FREMM Evo frigates are expected to include enhancements such as:
- Improved Stealth Features: Enhanced radar-absorbing materials and design modifications to reduce the ships’ detectability.
- Upgraded Electronics: Next-generation radar and communication systems to improve situational awareness and interoperability with allied forces.
- Enhanced Weaponry: Integration of new missile systems and directed-energy weapons, if available, to counter emerging threats.
- Sustainability Features: Energy-efficient systems to reduce the environmental impact of naval operations.
The contract for the FREMM Evo frigates, awarded to OSN in July 2024, underscores the Italian Navy’s commitment to maintaining a modern and capable fleet. These ships will ensure that Italy remains at the forefront of naval innovation, capable of addressing both current and future challenges in the maritime domain.
Conclusion
The delivery of the Emilio Bianchi on 31 July 2025 marks a significant achievement for the Italian Navy and the FREMM program. As the tenth frigate in the series, it enhances Italy’s maritime capabilities, providing a versatile and powerful platform to address a wide range of threats. The ‘ASW Enhanced’ configuration of the Emilio Bianchi reflects the Italian Navy’s forward-thinking approach to naval warfare, combining advanced technology with operational flexibility.
With the FREMM program nearing completion and the FREMM Evo frigates on the horizon, Italy is well-positioned to maintain its leadership in maritime security. The collaboration between Fincantieri, Leonardo, and OSN has proven to be a winning formula, delivering world-class warships that strengthen Italy’s defense and contribute to global maritime stability.
For more details on the FREMM program and the delivery of the Spartaco Schergat, refer to related coverage on Italy’s naval advancements.
